(4)
(4)
产品描述
来源:
Rabbit
应用:
WB 1:500-1:2000, IHC 1:50-1:200, IF/ICC 1:100-1:500
*The optimal dilutions should be determined by the end user. For optimal experimental results, antibody reuse is not recommended.
*Tips:
*The optimal dilutions should be determined by the end user. For optimal experimental results, antibody reuse is not recommended.
*Tips:
WB: 适用于变性蛋白样本的免疫印迹检测. IHC: 适用于组织样本的石蜡(IHC-p)或冰冻(IHC-f)切片样本的免疫组化/荧光检测. IF/ICC: 适用于细胞样本的荧光检测. ELISA(peptide): 适用于抗原肽的ELISA检测.
反应:
Human, Mouse, Rat
克隆:
Polyclonal
特异性:
HMGB1 Antibody detects endogenous levels of total HMGB1.
RRID:
AB_2838964
引用格式: Affinity Biosciences Cat# DF7008, RRID:AB_2838964.
引用格式: Affinity Biosciences Cat# DF7008, RRID:AB_2838964.
偶联:
Unconjugated.
纯化:
The antiserum was purified by peptide affinity chromatography using SulfoLink™ Coupling Resin (Thermo Fisher Scientific).
保存:
Rabbit IgG in phosphate buffered saline , pH 7.4, 150mM NaCl, 0.02% sodium azide and 50% glycerol. Store at -20 °C. Stable for 12 months from date of receipt.
别名:
展开/折叠
Amphoterin; Chromosomal protein, nonhistone, HMG1; DKFZp686A04236; High mobility group 1; High mobility group box 1; High mobility group protein 1; High mobility group protein B1; high-mobility group (nonhistone chromosomal) protein 1; HMG-1; HMG1; HMG3; HMGB 1; HMGB1; HMGB1_HUMAN; NONHISTONE CHROMOSOMAL PROTEIN HMG1; SBP 1; Sulfoglucuronyl carbohydrate binding protein;
抗原和靶标
免疫原:
A synthesized peptide derived from human HMGB1, corresponding to a region within the internal amino acids.
基因/基因ID:
描述:
High mobility group protein B1 (HMGB1) belongs to a family of highly conserved proteins that contain HMG box domains (1,2). All three family members (HMGB1, HMGB2, and HMGB3) contain two HMG box domains and a C-terminal acidic domain. HMGB1 is a widely expressed and highly abundant protein (2). HMGB2 is widely expressed during embryonic development, but is restricted to lymphoid organs and testis in adult animals (3). HMGB3 is only expressed during embryogenesis (4). While expression varies, the biochemical properties of the different family members may be indistinguishable. The HMG box domains facilitate the binding of HMGB proteins to the minor groove of DNA, which results in local bending of the DNA double helix (1,2). HMGB proteins are recruited by and help facilitate the assembly of site-specific DNA binding proteins to their cognate binding sites in chromatin. For example, HMGB1 facilitates the binding of Hox proteins, Oct-1, p53, Rel proteins, and steroid hormone receptor proteins to their target gene promoters (1,2). In addition to their functions in the nucleus, HMGB proteins play a significant role in extracellular signaling associated with inflammation (5,6). HMGB1 is massively released into the extracellular environment during cell necrosis, but not apoptosis. Extracellular HMGB1 alarms the innate immune system by acting as a chemoattractant for inflammatory leukocytes, smooth muscle cells, and stem cells, functioning as an immune adjuvant for soluble and particulate antigens, and triggering activation of T cells and dendritic cells. In addition, activated monocytes, macrophages and, dendritic cells also secrete HMGB1, forming a positive feedback loop that results in the release of additional cytokines and neutrophils. Hypoxia has also been shown to cause the release of HMGB1 in the liver, and some studies suggest a role for extracellular HMGB1 in tumor homeostasis (5,6).
研究领域
· Cellular Processes > Transport and catabolism > Autophagy - animal. (View pathway)
· Cellular Processes > Cell growth and death > Necroptosis. (View pathway)
· Genetic Information Processing > Replication and repair > Base excision repair.
文献引用
1). Hypoxia-induced HMGB1 promotes glioma stem cells self-renewal and tumorigenicity via RAGE. iScience, 2022
(PubMed: 36034219)
[IF=5.8]
Application: IF/ICC Species: Human Sample:
Figure 1
HMGB1 correlates with glioma aggressiveness and is elevated in GSCs
(A) HMGB1 mRNA expression in normal brain (n = 10) and glioblastoma (GBM, IDH wild-type, n = 528) from the TCGA database. Significance was determined by Mann-Whitney U test. wt, wild-type.
(B) Kaplan-Meier survival analysis of patients with gliomas with IDH wild type stratified by HMGB1 expression from the CGGA database. Median HMGB1 expression was used for stratification into HMGB1 high and HMGB1 low groups.
(C and D) Immunohistochemistry (IHC) staining of HMGB1 in human normal brain and different grade of gliomas. (C) The corresponding enlarged image of the rectangular box is in the lower left. Representative images are shown. Scale bar, 50 μm. (D) Quantitative analysis of HMGB1 expression in human normal brain and gliomas. HMGB1 immunostaining intensity was assessed by the Integrated Optical Density (IOD, area × mean optical density). Data are normalized to non-tumor group and represented as mean ± SD Significance was analyzed by one-way ANOVA with Tukey’s test. Non-tumor, n = 11; astrocytoma (IDH mutant, Grade 2), n = 11; astrocytoma (IDH mutant, Grade 3), n = 5; GBM (IDH wt), n = 24. ns, no significance; ∗∗∗∗, p < 0.0001.
(E and F) Immunofluorescent double staining of HMGB1 (green) and stem cell markers (CD15, CD133, SOX2, or Olig2; red) in human GBM specimens. DAPI stained nuclei (blue). (E) Representative images are shown. Arrows show the cells in which HMGB1 and stem cell marker are co-expressed. Scale bar, 25μm. The zoom-in images are on the right. Scale bar, 10μm. (F) Quantitative analysis of HMGB1 immunoreactivity in stem cell marker positive (+) or negative (−) cells. Data are normalized to the group of stem cell marker negative cells and represented as mean ± SD Each dot represents a single cell, n = 106 total cells from three human GBM specimens (20–50 cells from each specimen). Significance was determined by Mann-Whitney U test. ∗∗∗∗, p < 0.0001.
See also Figure S1.
2). Prenatal Fumonisin Exposure Impairs Bone Development via Disturbances in the OC/Leptin and RANKL/RANK/OPG Systems in Weaned Rat Offspring. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES, 2023
(PubMed: 37240089)
[IF=5.6]
3). GRP78 silencing enhances hyperoxia-induced alveolar epithelial cell apoptosis via CHOP pathway. Molecular Medicine Reports, 2017
(PubMed: 28586043)
[IF=3.4]
4). Role of Nrf2 in Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Acute Kidney Injury: Protection by Human Umbilical Cord Blood Mononuclear Cells. Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity, 2020
(PubMed: 32774680)
Application: WB Species: Human Sample:
Figure 4 The changes of ROS, NLRP3, Keap1, Nrf2, HO-1, and HMGB1 in intervention experiment. Western blot was used to detect the expression of NLRP3, Keap1, Nrf2, HO-1, and HMGB1. Oxidative stress in kidney tubular cells was assessed using dihydroethidium (DHE). (a) Representative blots of NLRP3, Keap1, Nrf2, HO-1, HMGB1, and β-tubulin. (b) Densitometry of NLRP3. (c) Densitometry of Keap1. (d) Densitometry of Nrf2. (e) Densitometry of HO-1. (f) Densitometry of HMGB1. (g) Representative images of DHE staining. Original magnifications: ×200. (h) Semiquantitative analysis of DHE fluorescence intensity. Values are means ± SE, n = 6 for each group. ★p < 0.05 versus the control group. #p < 0.05 versus the LPS group. ∆p < 0.05 versus the LPS+MNCs group.
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