ARG1 Antibody - #DF6657

Fig. 5. MMSN@NAR-mediated macrophage polarization and ROS elimination in vitro. qPCR analysis of mRNA expression in Raw264.7 macrophages treated with MMSN@NAR at 10 ppm (n = 3). M1-related pro-inflammatory gene expression: (A) iNOS, IL-1β, and TNF-α. M2-related anti-inflammatory gene expression: (B) Arg-1, IL-10, and TGF-β. (C) Western blot analysis of iNOS, CD86, and Arg-1 protein levels in BMDM cells. Semiquantitative analysis of (D) iNOS, (E) CD86, and (F) Arg-1 expression levels in the indicated groups (n = 3). (G) Representative images of the intracellular ROS levels detected by oxidant-sensing probe DCFH-DA (green) in Raw264.7 macrophages. Scale bar, 100 μm. (H) Quantification of ROS levels in the indicated groups. Data shown are representative of 3 independent experiments.

Fig. 10. Overexpression of TXNIP reverses the neuroprotective effects of irisin. (A) Representative trajectory maps from the MWM test. (B) Number of platform crossings during the probe trial (Data are presented as mean ± SD; n = 6; ∗∗P < 0.01, ##P < 0.01, &&P < 0.01). (C) Representative H&E staining images of the hippocampal CA1 region 48 h after II/R injury (n = 6; scale bars = 50 μm). (D) Quantification of normal neurons in the hippocampal CA1 region (Data are presented as mean ± SD; n = 6; ∗∗P < 0.01, ##P < 0.01, &&P < 0.01). (E) WB analysis of FNDC5, TXNIP, NLRP3, pro-caspase-1, and cleaved caspase-1 levels in the hippocampus of II/R mice after TXNIP overexpression. β-actin was used as loading control and all were referred to the same loading control. (F) Relative protein levels of FNDC5, TXNIP, NLRP3, pro-caspase-1, and cleaved caspase-1 in the hippocampus (Data are presented as mean ± SD; n = 6; ∗∗P < 0.01, ##P < 0.01, &&P < 0.01). (G) Schematic representation of the proposed mechanism. (H) WB analysis the levels of iNOS and Arg-1 in the hippocampus of II/R mice following TXNIP overexpression, β-actin was used as loading control and all were referred to the same loading control. (I) Relative protein levels of iNOS and Arg-1 in the hippocampus (β-actin was used as loading control and all were referred to the same loading control. Data are presented as mean ± SD; n = 6; ∗∗P < 0.01, ##P < 0.01, &&P < 0.01). (J) WB analysis of apoptosis-related molecules in the hippocampus of II/R mice following TXNIP overexpression. β-actin was used as loading control and all were referred to the same loading control. (K) Relative protein levels of apoptosis-related molecules in the hippocampus (Data are presented as mean ± SD; n = 6; ∗∗P < 0.01, #P < 0.05, ##P < 0.01, &&P < 0.01). (L) The concentrations of indicators related to lipid peroxidation in the hippocampus (Data are presented as mean ± SD; n = 6; ∗∗P < 0.01, ##P < 0.01, &&P < 0.01). (M) Quantitative analysis of pro-inflammatory cytokines concentrations in the hippocampus (Data are presented as mean ± SD; n = 6; ∗∗P < 0.01, #P < 0.05, ##P < 0.01, &&P < 0.01).