ARG1 Antibody - #DF6657

Fig. 10. Overexpression of TXNIP reverses the neuroprotective effects of irisin. (A) Representative trajectory maps from the MWM test. (B) Number of platform crossings during the probe trial (Data are presented as mean ± SD; n = 6; ∗∗P < 0.01, ##P < 0.01, &&P < 0.01). (C) Representative H&E staining images of the hippocampal CA1 region 48 h after II/R injury (n = 6; scale bars = 50 μm). (D) Quantification of normal neurons in the hippocampal CA1 region (Data are presented as mean ± SD; n = 6; ∗∗P < 0.01, ##P < 0.01, &&P < 0.01). (E) WB analysis of FNDC5, TXNIP, NLRP3, pro-caspase-1, and cleaved caspase-1 levels in the hippocampus of II/R mice after TXNIP overexpression. β-actin was used as loading control and all were referred to the same loading control. (F) Relative protein levels of FNDC5, TXNIP, NLRP3, pro-caspase-1, and cleaved caspase-1 in the hippocampus (Data are presented as mean ± SD; n = 6; ∗∗P < 0.01, ##P < 0.01, &&P < 0.01). (G) Schematic representation of the proposed mechanism. (H) WB analysis the levels of iNOS and Arg-1 in the hippocampus of II/R mice following TXNIP overexpression, β-actin was used as loading control and all were referred to the same loading control. (I) Relative protein levels of iNOS and Arg-1 in the hippocampus (β-actin was used as loading control and all were referred to the same loading control. Data are presented as mean ± SD; n = 6; ∗∗P < 0.01, ##P < 0.01, &&P < 0.01). (J) WB analysis of apoptosis-related molecules in the hippocampus of II/R mice following TXNIP overexpression. β-actin was used as loading control and all were referred to the same loading control. (K) Relative protein levels of apoptosis-related molecules in the hippocampus (Data are presented as mean ± SD; n = 6; ∗∗P < 0.01, #P < 0.05, ##P < 0.01, &&P < 0.01). (L) The concentrations of indicators related to lipid peroxidation in the hippocampus (Data are presented as mean ± SD; n = 6; ∗∗P < 0.01, ##P < 0.01, &&P < 0.01). (M) Quantitative analysis of pro-inflammatory cytokines concentrations in the hippocampus (Data are presented as mean ± SD; n = 6; ∗∗P < 0.01, #P < 0.05, ##P < 0.01, &&P < 0.01).

Fig. 2 The effect of aligned nanofibers on macrophage polarization. A Phalloidin staining of macrophages on electrospun membranes. Actin is stained green, and the nucleus is stained blue. B Flow cytometric analysis of macrophages. C qPCR analysis of M2 polarization-related genes. D ELISA analysis of IL-4 secretion. E qPCR analysis of M1 polarization-related genes (*p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001, n = 3). F Western blot analysis of macrophage polarization-related proteins. G and H Immunofluorescence analysis of CD86 and CD206 expression in macrophages. CD86 and CD206 are stained red, and the nucleus is stained blue

Fig. 6 Macrophage reprogramming-osteogenesis crosstalk effects of CTAG/GelMA hydrogels. (A) Schematic illustration of the macrophage reprogramming-osteogenesis crosstalk. (B) Arg 1 immunofluorescence staining. (C, D) ALP staining of BMSCs and macrophages co-cultured on hydrogel surface. (E) ALP activity assay. (F) Quantification of ALP staining. (G) Flow cytometry results of percentage of CD206+ cells. (H) Quantification of Arg 1 fluorescent staining. (I, J) ELISA for TNF-α and IL-10. (K) Mean fluorescence intensity of flow cytometric assays. (NS, no significant difference; *, P