PP5 Antibody - #DF12706

Serine/threonine-protein phosphatase that dephosphorylates a myriad of proteins involved in different signaling pathways including the kinases CSNK1E, ASK1/MAP3K5, PRKDC and RAF1, the nuclear receptors NR3C1, PPARG, ESR1 and ESR2, SMAD proteins and TAU/MAPT. Implicated in wide ranging cellular processes, including apoptosis, differentiation, DNA damage response, cell survival, regulation of ion channels or circadian rhythms, in response to steroid and thyroid hormones, calcium, fatty acids, TGF-beta as well as oxidative and genotoxic stresses. Participates in the control of DNA damage response mechanisms such as checkpoint activation and DNA damage repair through, for instance, the regulation ATM/ATR-signaling and dephosphorylation of PRKDC and TP53BP1. Inhibits ASK1/MAP3K5-mediated apoptosis induced by oxidative stress. Plays a positive role in adipogenesis, mainly through the dephosphorylation and activation of PPARG transactivation function. Also dephosphorylates and inhibits the anti-adipogenic effect of NR3C1. Regulates the circadian rhythms, through the dephosphorylation and activation of CSNK1E. May modulate TGF-beta signaling pathway by the regulation of SMAD3 phosphorylation and protein expression levels. Dephosphorylates and may play a role in the regulation of TAU/MAPT. Through their dephosphorylation, may play a role in the regulation of ions channels such as KCNH2.

Activated by at least two different proteolytic cleavages producing a 56 kDa and a 50 kDa form.

Nucleus. Cytoplasm. Cell membrane.
Note: Predominantly nuclear (PubMed:15383005). But also present in the cytoplasm (PubMed:15383005). Translocates from the cytoplasm to the plasma membrane in a RAC1-dependent manner (PubMed:19948726).

Ubiquitous.

Probably forms a complex composed of chaperones HSP90 and HSP70, co-chaperones STIP1/HOP, CDC37, PPP5C, PTGES3/p23, TSC1 and client protein TSC2. Probably forms a complex composed of chaperones HSP90 and HSP70, co-chaperones CDC37, PPP5C, TSC1 and client protein TSC2, CDK4, AKT, RAF1 and NR3C1; this complex does not contain co-chaperones STIP1/HOP and PTGES3/p23. Part of a complex with HSP90/HSP90AA1 and steroid receptors (By similarity). Interacts (via TPR repeats) with HSP90AA1 (via TPR repeat-binding motif) or HSPA1A/HSPA1B; the interaction is direct and activates the phosphatase activity. Dissociates from HSPA1A/HSPA1B and HSP90AA1 in response to arachidonic acid. Interacts with CPNE1 (via VWFA domain) (By similarity). Interacts with CDC16, CDC27. Interacts with KLHDC10 (via the 6 Kelch repeats); inhibits the phosphatase activity on MAP3K5. Interacts with ATM and ATR; both interactions are induced by DNA damage and enhance ATM and ATR kinase activity. Interacts with RAD17; reduced by DNA damage. Interacts with nuclear receptors such as NR3C1/GCR and PPARG (activated by agonist); regulates their transactivation activities (By similarity). Interacts (via TPR repeats) with S100 proteins S100A1, S100A2, S100A6, S100B and S100P; the interactions are calcium-dependent, strongly activate PPP5C phosphatase activity and compete with HSP90AA1 and MAP3K5 interactions. Interacts with SMAD2 and SMAD3 but not with SMAD1; decreases SMAD3 phosphorylation and protein levels. Interacts (via TPR repeats) with CRY1 and CRY2; the interaction with CRY2 downregulates the phosphatase activity on CSNK1E. Interacts (via TPR repeats) with the active form of RAC1, GNA12 or GNA13; these interactions activate the phosphatase activity and translocate PPP5C to the cell membrane. Interacts with FLCN.

Belongs to the PPP phosphatase family. PP-5 (PP-T) subfamily.