Phospho-ATM (Ser1981) Antibody - #AF8225

Fig. 4. Changes of ATM and its downstream proteins in GC-1 cells and mouse testis. Expression and analysis of the related proteins in mouse testis (A) and in GC-1 cells (B). *p < 0.05 vs. the control group; #p < 0.05 vs. the corresponding MC-LR exposure group. All data were expressed as  ± SD (n = 3).

Figure 3.Cisplatin activates the CHEK-TAp63α pathway in human primordial follicles. (A) H&E staining of human foetal ovaries. (B) p53, p63, and p73 immunostaining in human foetal ovaries. (C) H&E staining of human foetal ovary treated with cisplatin and PBS (Con) and histograms showing analysis of the apoptosis ratio of primordial follicles. (D) Conformational change of TAp63α detected by SDS-PAGE. The original and shifted positions of TAp63α are indicated by black and red arrows, respectively. (E) ChIP analysis of cisplatin-treated human foetal ovaries was performed to interrogate the Puma and Noxa promoter regions with specific antibodies for IgG (control) and p63. (F) Western blots for the ATR/ATM-CHEK pathway. (G) H&E staining and the ratio of apoptotic primordial oocytes in human foetal ovaries treated with cisplatin alone or along with CHEK1 inhibitor (CK1) or CHEK2 inhibitor (CK2). Red arrows indicate healthy primordial follicles, and yellow arrows indicate apoptotic primordial follicles. (H) Analysis of apoptosis-related proteins (BAX, BCL2, γH2AX, NOXA, and PUMA) in each group. (I) H&E staining and the ratio of apoptotic primordial oocytes in each group of adult ovaries. Red arrows indicate healthy primordial follicles, and yellow arrows indicate apoptotic primordial follicles. (J) TUNEL staining of adult ovaries. Yellow arrows indicate apoptotic primordial follicles and red arrows indicate healthy primordial follicles. **P 

Figure 5. |EBV-miR-BART8-3p activates ATM/ATR. (A) Western blot analysis of p-ATM/ATM, p-ATR/ATR, and p-DNA-PKcs/DNA-PKcs in response to 0–12 h of irradiation at 2 Gy in the two groups.

Figure 3. Effects of AA on the meiotic process of pachytene spermatocytes and the expression of meiotic DSB signaling proteins. (a) Representative immunofluorescence images of SYCP3 and γH2AX staining in the pachytene spermatocytes of the testis. (b) and (c) The expression levels of meiotic DSB signaling proteins (γH2AX, p-ATM and p-CHK2) in the testis and isolated spermatocytes, respectively. The data are expressed as the mean ± SD of three mice in each group for annotation B and expressed as the mean ± SE of three separate experiments with triplicate samples for annotation C. *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, compared with the control group.